Yakabudiswa: Ndira 25, 2026
Zvigadzirwa zvealuminium zvinoramba zvichinyanya kutaurwa nezvezvinhu zvakareruka muna 2026, nezvinodiwa pasi rose zvichidarika matani mamiriyoni makumi manomwe nemashanu pagore—zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya nemotokari dzemagetsi, kudzoreredzwa kwemhepo, simba rinogona kushandiswazve, uye kurongedza kwakasimba. Mitengo yearuminiyamu yekutanga yagadzikana inosvika $2,600–$2,900 patani imwe neimwe paLME, asi mitengo yearuminiyamu iri kuramba yakasimba sezvo cheni dzezvigadzirwa dzichiisa pamberi pemagiredhi epamusoro-soro. Aruminiyamu yakagadziriswazve ikozvino ine inoda kusvika 40% yezvinhu zvinowanikwa muNorth America neEurope, zvichibatsira vagadziri kuti vasvike pazvinangwa zvekubvisa carbonization zvakanyanya.
Kunyange zvazvo aruminiyamu yakachena iine nzvimbo yayo, ma alloys akagadzirwa mu1xxx kusvika 7xxx series anopa zvinodiwa nemainjiniya zvakasiyana-siyana. Series yega yega ine zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekusanganisa, kurapwa kwekupisa, uye mafomu - pepa/plate, extrusions, foil, bar, chubhu - anoenderana nemabasa chaiwo. Pazasi, ndinopfupikisa series yega yega huru, ndinoratidza mamakisi akakosha, mafomu ezvigadzirwa zvakajairika, mashandisirwo chaiwo, simba, kusasimba, uye kuti mamakisi ari mu series imwe chete anobatana sei. Kana uri kutaura zvinhu zvepurojekiti itsva, izvi zvinofanira kukupa pokutangira pakasimba.
1xxx Series: Aluminium Yakachena Mukutengeserana (99.0%+ Al)
Idzi iaruminiyamu chaiyo isina alloying yakawanda—yakanaka apo kuramba ngura uye conductivity zvinonyanya kukosha kupfuura simba.
Magiredhi Akafanana: 1050, 1060, 1070, 1100, 1200
Mafomu Akajairika: Sheet/plate, coil, foil (kusvika 0.006 mm), strip, busbar, waya
Mashandisirwo:
- Foil: Kurongedza chikafu, mabhurugwa emishonga, foil yemumba
- Sheet/coil: Mapaneru anopenya, matangi ekuchengetera makemikari, magirazi emwenje
- Bhawa remabhazi/bhawa rakaburitswa: Madhairekita emagetsi, kufambisa simba
- Ndiro: Zvishongedzo zvekubika, maplate emazita, zvinochinja-chinja kupisa
Zvakanakira: Inodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya, inokwanisa kupisa/kupinza magetsi zvakanaka (kusvika 62% IACS), inokwanisa kuumbwa zvakanaka uye inogona kusvetwa, inopenya zvakanyanya, inogona kudzokororwa zvizere
Zvakashata: Simba remuchina rakaderera (rinowanzo bereka 30–100 MPa), harina simba rekushandisa kana rakapfava, richikwenywa kana kupwanyika zviri nyore.
Kuenzanisa kweIntra-Series: 1060 ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa—inoenzanisa mutengo nekuchena zviri nani pane 1050 (conductivity yakaderera zvishoma) kana premium 1070/1200 (kuchena kwakanyanya asi kunodhura zvakanyanya). 1100 inopa simba riri nani zvishoma uye inofarirwa kune zvikamu zvakadhonzwa zvakadzama pane 1050 yakapfava.
2xxx Series: Aluminium-Copper Alloys (Inogona Kurapwa Nekupisa, Yakasimba)
Mhangura ndiyo chinhu chikuru chinobatanidza zvinhu, ichipa simba remhando yepamusoro yendege asi ichideredza ngura.
Magiredhi Akafanana: 2014, 2024, 2124, 2219, 2618
Mafomu Akajairika: Ndiro, jira, bhaa, maforging, extrusions
Mashandisirwo: Zvikamu zvemuchadenga (matehwe efuselage, mapapiro), mota dzinoshanda zvakanaka (mapistoni, mavhiri), midziyo yehondo
Zvakanakira: Simba guru rekudhonza (kusvika 570 MPa muT6), inodzivirira kuneta zvakanyanya, inogona kushandiswa zvakanaka, inoramba iine simba pakupisa kwakakwira (2219 yematangi e cryogenic)
Zvakashata: Kusakwanisa kuramba ngura zvakanaka pasina cladding kana coating, kukuvara kana ngura zvinogona kutsemuka, kusagona kutsvedza (kazhinji kunamatira)
Kuenzanisa kweIntra-Series: 2024-T3/T4 ndiyo chiyero chemuchadenga—chiyero chakanakisa chekusimba-kuhuremu. 2014 inopa mashandiro ari nani uye inowanikwa mumagetsi anorema. 2219 inobudirira mukuwanda uye kushanda zvakanaka (SpaceX tanks). 2618 inofarirwa kune zvikamu zveinjini zvinopisa zvakanyanya.
3xxx Series: Aluminium-Manganese Alloys (Haibatike pakupisa)
Manganese inopa simba riri pakati nepakati uye inosimbisa basa zvakanaka.
Magiredhi Akafanana: 3003, 3004, 3105, 3005
Mafomu Akajairika: Sheet, coil, storage yekani, denga, chubhu
Mashandisirwo: Magaba ezvinwiwa, midziyo yekubikisa, denga/mativi, zvinochinja-chinja kupisa, kugadzirwa kwakajairika
Zvakanakira: Kuramba ngura zvakanaka, kugona kuumbwa zvakanaka uye kuchinjika, simba riri pakati nepakati (kusvika 200 MPa kana yaoma), isingadhuri zvakanyanya
Zvakashata: Haigone kurapwa nekupisa nekuda kwesimba rakawanda, simba rakaderera kupfuura rinorapwa nekupisa.
Kuenzanisa kweIntra-Series: 3003 ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa—yakanakira kudhirowa zvakadzama. 3004 ine simba rakawanda (manganese yakawanda + magnesium) uye inonyanya kushandiswa muzvirongo zvezvinwiwa. 3105 inozivikanwa nekugadzira siding dzekugara nekuda kwekunamira pendi zviri nani.
4xxx Series: Aluminium-Silicon Alloys (Inowanzo shandiswa seFiller kana Casting)
Silikoni inoderedza kunyunguduka uye inowedzera kuyerera kwemvura—zvikurukuru inoumbwa nesimbi dzinoshandiswa pakukanda, asi mamwe magiredhi akagadzirwa.
Magiredhi Akafanana (Akagadzirwa): 4032, 4043 (kunyanya waya yekuzadza), 4047
Mafomu Akajairika: Sheet, forgings, welding waya/tsvimbo
Mashandisirwo: Kuzadza kwewelding (4043), mapiston, cladding yekuvaka (4047)
Zvakanakira: Kupisa kwakaderera, kuramba kupfeka zvakanaka, kugona kusundira/kunyorova zvakanaka
Zvakashata: Simba rakaderera pane mamwe ma series, mafomu akashongedzerwa mashoma
Kuenzanisa kweIntra-Series: 4043 ndiyo inoshandiswa pasi rose mu MIG/TIG filler; 4047 inopa kuyerera kuri nani uye kudzivirira kutsemuka kwejira rekufukidza.
5xxx Series: Aluminium-Magnesium Alloys (Isingarapike pakupisa, Giredhi reMarine)
Magnesium inodzivirira ngura zvakanyanya, kunyanya mumvura yegungwa.
Magiredhi Akafanana: 5052, 5083, 5086, 5454, 5754
Mafomu Akajairika: Ndiro, jira, zvinhu zvinobuda, chubhu
Mashandisirwo: Matangi egungwa/zvivakwa, mapaneru emuviri emotokari, midziyo yekumanikidza, matangi e cryogenic
Zvakanakira: Kudzivirira ngura zvakanyanya (kunyanya mvura ine munyu), simba rakawanda rekuneta, kugona kusungirira zvakanaka, simba riri pakati nepakati kusvika pakakwirira (kusvika 350 MPa)
Zvakashata: Hazvirapike kupisa, zvinokurumidza kuoma (zvinogona kuomeswa kana zvikashandiswa zvakanyanya), zvinonzwa tembiricha dziri pamusoro pe150°C
Kuenzanisa kweIntra-Series: 5052-H32 ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa—kugona kugadzirwa zvakanaka. 5083-H116/H321 ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakuvaka ngarava nekuda kwesimba rayo guru uye kugona kusveta. 5754 iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mumotokari kuti ipedzise pamusoro payo zviri nani.
6xxx Series: Aluminium-Magnesium-Silicon Alloys (Inorapwa nekupisa, Madzimambo ekuwedzera)
Nhevedzano inonyanya kushandiswa—kugona kuburitsa zvinhu zvakanaka uye simba repakati.
Magiredhi Akafanana: 6061, 6063, 6082, 6005, 6060, 6101
Mafomu Akajairika: Zvishandiso zvekuwedzera, chubhu, bhaa, jira, ndiro
Mashandisirwo: Mafuremu ekuvaka, zvivakwa zvemotokari, mamanera, masinki ekupisa, mafuremu emabhasikoro
Mamiriro Ekurapa Kupisa Akatsanangurwa:
- T4: Mhinduro yacho yakacheneswa nekupisa uye yakwegura—yakasimba uye ine simba riri pakati nepakati
- T5: Yakatonhodzwa kubva pakupisa kwekunze uye yakwegura—kugadzirwa kwayo kunokurumidza, simba rayo rakaderera zvishoma pane T6
- T6: Mhinduro yacho inorapwa nekupisa uye yakarembera—simba rayo guru uye kuoma kwayo, zvinonyanya kuwanikwa muzvikamu zvechivakwa.
Zvakanakira: Kugona kuburitsa zvinhu zvakanaka (kunyanya 6063), kuramba ngura zvakanaka, kuchinjika, hunyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana hwemakanika kuburikidza nekupisa
Zvakashata: Simba rakaderera pane 2xxx/7xxx, mhando yeanodizing inosiyana zvichienderana negiredhi
Kuenzanisa kweIntra-Series: 6061-T6 ndiyo simba guru rekuvaka (ine magnesium/silicon yakawanda). 6063-T5/T6 ndiyo inonyanya kushandisa ma extrusions ekuvaka kuti ipedzisire yakatsetseka uye ive nyore kugadzira. 6082 (inofarirwa neEurope) inopa simba rakakwirira kupfuura 6061. 6060 yakapfava, yakakodzera maumbirwo akaomarara.
7xxx Series: Aluminum-Zinc-Magnesium Alloys (Inorapwa nekupisa, Simba Rakanyanya)
Zinc inopa simba guru rinowanikwa muaruminiyamu.
Magiredhi Akafanana: 7075, 7050, 7010, 7475, 7068
Mafomu Akajairika: Ndiro, bhaa, maforging, extrusions
Mashandisirwo: Mafuremu/mapapiro emuchadenga, zvinhu zvemitambo zvinoshanda zvakanyanya, nhumbi dzehondo, ndiro yematurusi
Zvakanakira: Chiyero chakanaka chesimba-kuhuremu (kusvika ku600 MPa), kuramba kuneta zvakanaka, kugona kushanda zvakanaka muT6/T7 hasha
Zvakashata: Kusagona kuramba ngura zvakanaka pasina dziviriro, njodzi yekupwanyika kwengura nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, zvakaoma kusanganisa, zvinodhura
Kuenzanisa kweIntra-Series: 7075-T6/T651 ndiyo mhando yepamusoro-soro. 7050/7010 inopa simba rakavandudzwa rekudzivirira kushushikana nengura kune zvikamu zvakakora. 7475 inopa simba riri nani rekutyoka. 7068 ndiyo yakasimba kwazvo inowanikwa kutengeswa.
Kutarisira Mberi Zvishandiso zveAruminiyamu muna 2026
Nemapuratifomu emagetsi anoda zvivakwa zvakareruka uye ndege dziri kusimudzira kushandiswa kwemafuta zvakanyanya, tarisira kukura kuri kuramba kuchienderera mberi mu5xxx, 6xxx, uye 7xxx grades yepamusoro. Kuvandudzwa kwekudzokorodza uye maitiro matsva ekurapa kupisa ari kuvhara musiyano uripo pakati pesimba nekuchinjana kwekuchengetedza.
Kuti muwane mvura yakadzika, tarisaiGwaro rekuenzanisa 6061 vs 7075 or 5083 Mashandisirwo eAruminiyamu yemugungwa.
Kana uchida rubatsiro rwepurojekiti, tarisa yedu yakazarakatarogu yezvinhu zvearuminiyamukanatiudzei mutsetse– tine zvinhu zviri mumhando idzi dzese uye tinogona kubatsirawo nemitengo yemutero.
(Ruzivo rwakavakirwa pamitemo yeindasitiri, mapepa eruzivo rwehunyanzvi, uye mishumo yemusika. Gara uchiongorora nevatengesi kuti uone zvinodiwa papurojekiti.)
Nguva yekutumira: Ndira-25-2026